Burnout among Dental Students of Private and Public Dental Colleges in Pakistan - A Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the prevalence of burnout among dental students of public and private institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab, Pakistan. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted at five public and private dental institutions from June 2021 to May 2022. A validated twelve-item closed-ended Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire was distributed among the dental students of two private and two public institutes in Pakistan. The research questions focused on demographic information and students' academic experiences. Data analysis is presented through tables and descriptive methods. Results: A total of 274 dental undergraduate students - second (42.3%), third (35.4%), and final (22.3%) academic year participated in this study. The mean age of the respondents was 21.9, with the range of 20-26 years. Most participants were females (74.1%) compared to the males (25.9%). The findings for burnout syndrome among dentistry students and students in the private and public sectors were not significant. Conclusion: In the current study, burnout levels among dental undergraduates, both private and public, were low.

The effectiveness of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue: a meta-analysis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To systematically evaluate the impact of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue. Methods: From March to May 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang and other databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the influence of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue with the main search terms including compassion fatigue, nurs*, psychological intervention, mental intervention, RCT and so on from inception to March 31, 2020. Screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. The Stata 16.0 software was used to calculate the pooled effectiveness of psychological intervention on nursing staff' compassion fatigue. Results: All 13 RCTs were enrolled, including 940 nursing staff. Meta-analysis results demonstrated that the psychological intervention group was superior to the control group in the improvement of the compassion fatigue score (SMD=-0.96, 95%CI: -1.17-0.74, P=0.001) , compassion satisfaction score (SMD=0.61, 95%CI: 0.45-0.77, P=0.002) , burnout score (SMD=-0.46, 95%CI: -0.62-0.29, P=0.006) , secondary trauma score (SMD=-0.40, 95%CI: -0.68-0.12, P=0.020) , and the difference was statistically significant. Subgroup analysis found that the psychological intervention group was more effective than the control group in improving compassion satisfaction score, reducing burnout score and secondary trauma score, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) in different intervention time (<8 weeks and ≥8 weeks) and intervention methods. Conclusion: The psychological intervention can improve the level of compassion satisfaction, and reduce the compassion fatigue among nursing staff, and have a certain preventive effect on compassion fatigue.

Prevención del estrés y burn-out del equipo de salud: el nexo con la calidad de la atención sanitaria y la seguridad del paciente / Preventing stress and burn-out of healthcare staff: linkage with quality of healthcare systems and patient safety

Se destaca la importancia de la prevención del estrés y burn-out en los trabajadores que integran el equipo de salud. Se señala su directa relación con el error médico, la seguridad del paciente y la calidad de la atención sanitaria. (AU)

The purpose of this work is to point out the importance of preventing stress and burn-out of the healthcare staff and its relationship with medical errors, patient safety and quality of the healthcare systems. (AU)

Reduced burnout and higher mindfulness in medical students after a self-care program during the COVID-19 pandemic / Reducción del agotamiento en estudiantes de medicina mediante auto-cuidado durante la pandemia COVID-19

ABSTRACT Background: Medical students experience high levels of psychological stress during clinical training. However, most medical curricula do not teach self-care skills. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted medical education causing increased distress among students. Aim: To report the implementation and impact of an eight-week multifaceted mindfulness-based self-care program on medical students' distress and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty-three fourth-year medical students attended the program as part of a mandatory course from April to May 2020, during the rising phase of COVID-19 in Chile. They were evaluated using validated tests before and immediately after the program. The measures included burnout, dispositional mindfulness, perceived stress, traumatic stress reactions, general well-being, resilience, and stress coping strategies. Results: Burnout prevalence decreased from 48% to 24%, whereas students with high dispositional mindfulness increased from 25% to 44%. Burnout reduction was mostly due to decreased emotional exhaustion. Additionally, students reported lower levels of stress, self-blaming, and traumatic stress reactions alongside an increased use of active coping strategies and resilience levels after the program. Conclusions: A formal educational intervention, teaching self-awareness and self-regulation skills can help reduce medical students' distress and promote their well-being even amidst a pandemic.

Antecedentes: Los estudiantes de medicina experimentan altos niveles de estrés y burnout durante la formación clínica. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los planes de estudios médicos no enseñan habilidades de autocuidado. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha conmocionado la educación médica provocando mayor distrés entre los estudiantes. Objetivo: Informar sobre la implementación y el impacto de un programa multifacético de autocuidado -basado en mindfulness (atención consciente)-sobre el distrés y el bienestar de los estudiantes de medicina durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Material y Métodos: Ciento veintitrés estudiantes de medicina de cuarto año asistieron al programa como parte de un curso obligatorio de abril a mayo de 2020, durante la fase ascendente de COVID-19 en Chile. Fueron evaluados mediante pruebas validadas antes e inmediatamente después del programa. Las medidas incluyeron burnout, mindfulness disposicional, estrés percibido, reacciones de estrés traumático, bienestar general, resiliencia y estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. Resultados: La prevalencia del burnout disminuyó del 48% al 24%, mientras que los estudiantes con alto mindfulness aumentaron del 25% al 44%. La reducción del burnout se debió principalmente a la disminución del agotamiento emocional. Además, los estudiantes informaron niveles más bajos de estrés, autoinculpación y reacciones de estrés traumático junto con un mayor uso de estrategias activas de afrontamiento y mayores niveles de resiliencia, después del programa de autocuidado. Conclusiones: Una intervención educativa formal que enseñe habilidades de autoconciencia y autorregulación puede ayudar a reducir el burnout de los estudiantes de medicina y promover su bienestar incluso en medio de una pandemia.

Distrés moral y burnout en el personal de salud durante la crisis por COVID-19 / Moral distress and burnout among health professionals during COVID-19

El presente artículo revisa los principales aspectos relativos al concepto de distrés moral y burnout en el personal sanitario, los factores de riesgo general y específicos propios de la actual emergencia sanitaria, los instrumentos de evaluación disponibles, así como las principales estrategias y recomendaciones de prevención y manejo del cuadro.

This article reviews the main aspects related to the concept of moral distress and burnout among health professionals, general and specific risk factors for the current public health emergency, considering the available assessment instruments, as well as the main strategies and recommendations for its prevention and management.

Desenvolvimento de protótipo de tecnologia digital gamificada para apoio aos profissionais de enfermagem frente ao estresse ocupacional: proposta de intervenção / Development of a gamified application prototype to support nursing professionals in the face of occupational stress: intervention proposal

A gamificação é a utilização dos mesmos contextos utilizados em jogos de videogame para elaboração do conteúdo de interesse, levando em consideração a dinâmica e a mecânica. A gamificação é considerada uma maneira eficaz para realizar uma intervenção, ao favorecer a aproximação da população estudada, despertar maior interesse pelo tema que está sendo discutido e desencadear uma resposta positiva para alcance do objetivo proposto. As tecnologias virtuais e aplicativos podem ser tão eficientes ou até mesmo mais eficientes do que a terapia convencional para o tratamento do Estresse Ocupacional, de acordo com evidências da literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar protótipo de tecnologia digital gamificada para abordagem de conteúdos relacionados à prevenção e identificação de estresse ocupacional junto aos profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Trata-se de pesquisa aplicada, de produção tecnológica, exploratória e descritiva, que terá como resultado a criação de uma tecnologia digital gamificada. Serão realizadas quatro etapas específicas para responder aos objetivos propostos do estudo: Etapa I - Mapeamento de fatores estressores relacionados à atuação profissional em enfermagem descrita na literatura; Etapa II - Revisão Integrativa da Literatura para fundamentar a intervenção; Etapa III - Elaboração da tecnologia digital gamificada; Etapa IV - Julgamento por profissionais especializados em gamificação e estresse ocupacional. A usabilidade e o conteúdo do protótipo de média fidelidade da tecnologia digital gamificada foram avaliados segundo as heurísticas de Nielsen e as taxonomias de Bloom. A tecnologia digital gamificada tem enfoque na prevenção de possíveis agravos do estresse ocupacional e evolução para a síndrome de Burnout,baseada na utilização de roda de conversa e chat moderado on-line que permita que os usuários troquem vivências e realize uma discussão acerca do que for proposto pelos moderadores.O protótipo de tecnologia digital gamificada foiavaliada por sete especialistas da área, de informática, informática em enfermagem e enfermagem especializada em estresse ocupacional, sendo avaliado a usabilidade e os conteúdos utilizados na tecnologia. Todos os sete especialistas (100%) reconheceram a relevância do uso de tecnologias digitais gamificadas para abordagem do Estresse Ocupacional e Síndrome de Burnout. A avaliação do conteúdo relacionado à lembrança das informações relacionadas ao tema e potencial para possibilitar compreensão receberam sete (100%) das respostas como "Sim", possíveis de serem alcançadas. Em relação ao potencial para favorecer a aplicação do conteúdo, 06 (86%) responderam "Sim" e 01 (14%) respondeu em partes possíveis de serem alcançadas. As possíveis respostas que poderiam ser dadas pelos avaliadores eram: "Sim", "Não" e "Em partes". A Heurística que abordava sobre Estética e design minimalista foi apontada por 03 (43%) que apontaram que não é considerada, totalmente, um problema de usabilidade, 02 (28,5%) considerou como um problema apenas estético e que não necessita ser consertada a menos que haja tempo disponível e 02 (28,5%) a entenderam como um problema menor de usabilidade: o conserto desse problema deverá ter baixa prioridade. O protótipo foi considerado como uma estratégia possivelmente interessante e eficaz para abordagem de conteúdos relacionados ao proposto pela pesquisa porque utiliza de uma abordagem fácil, interativa e de apoio mútuo entre os usuários. Por fim, esse trabalho mostra a relevância de uma tecnologia digital gamificada para a saúde e enfermagem, tendo sido elaborado em um momento crítico vivenciado pela população mundial devido à pandemia pelo Novo Coronavírus. A utilização de um chat moderado para aplicação da técnica de roda de conversa é o diferencial desse protótipo, atuando no apoio social, contribuindo para a diminuição dos níveis do estresse ocupacional. A utilização da roda de conversa por meio de um chat moderado on-line é uma abordagem promissora que pode gerar frutos positivos em momentos de distanciamento social que os encontros presenciais não são recomendados. O fato do protótipo não ter sido testado pelo público alvo também pode ser um fator limitante por não permitir conhecer as reais necessidades que devem ser abordadas para aqueles que realmente farão uso da tecnologia digital gamificada. A aplicação da roda de conversa por meio de um chat moderado pode ser um fator limitante se os moderadores responsáveis por direcionar as discussões no chat on-line não tiver destreza e habilidades suficientes para manejar situações conflituosas no momento de abordagem de determinados assuntos que estejam em discussão. Ainda são necessários novos estudos para avaliar a real eficácia do uso de tecnologias digitais gamificadas para a saúde dos profissioanais da equipe de enfermagem

Gamification is considered an effective way to carry out an intervention, by favoring the approach of the studied population, arousing greater interest in the topic being discussed and triggering a positive response to achieve the proposed objective. Virtual technologies and applications can be just as efficient or even more efficient than conventional therapy for the treatment of Occupational Stress and Burnout Syndrome, according to evidence in the literature. The objective of this work was to develop and evaluate a gamified application prototype for approaching content related to the prevention and identification of occupational stress and Burnout syndrome with the professionals of the nursing team. This is applied research, technological, exploratory and descriptive production, which will result in the creation of a gamified application. Four specific steps will be taken to answer the proposed objectives of the study: Step I - Mapping of stressors related to the professional performance in nursing described in the literature; Stage II - Integrative Literature Review to support the intervention; Stage III - Elaboration of the tool; Stage IV - Judgment by professionals specialized in gamification and occupational stress / Syndrome Burnout. A prototype of gamified digital technology with an emphasis on design was developed. The prototype and the content of the technology were evaluated by seven experts in the field, being pointed out as an interesting and effective strategy for approaching content related to that proposed by the research because it uses an easy, interactive and mutually supportive approach between users. Finally, this work shows the relevance of a gamified digital technology for health and nursing, having been elaborated at a critical moment experienced by the world population due to the pandemic by the New Coronavirus. The use of a moderate chat to apply the conversation wheel technique is the differential of this prototype, acting in social support, contributing to the reduction of occupational stress levels. Further studies are still needed to assess the real effectiveness of using gamified digital technologies for the health of the nursing team's professionals

Impact of a patient safety leadership program on head nurses and clinical nurses: a quasi-experimental study / Impacto de un programa de liderazgo en seguridad del paciente sobre las enfermeras supervisoras y enfermeras clínicas: un estudio cuasi-experimental / Impacto de um programa de liderança em segurança do paciente em enfermeiros-chefe e enfermeiros clínicos: um estudo quasi-experimental

Objective: to evaluate the impact of a patient safety leadership program on head nurses and clinical nurses in the same nursing unit. Method: a pre-post quasi-experimental study that included 60 head nurses and 240 clinical nurses was conducted. Only the head nurses received patient safety leadership program training for 12 months. Before and after the training, the General Self-Efficacy Scale was completed by the head nurses, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Leadership Behavior Assessment Scale, the Safety Behavior Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were completed by the clinical nurses. Descriptive and inferential analyses of the data were performed using absolute and relative frequencies, means and standard deviations, and paired t-tests to assess the effect of the training. Results: both the head nurses' and the clinical nurses' self-efficacy increased significantly (p <0.01) after the training. The leadership behavior of the head nurses and the safety behavior of the clinical nurses also improved significantly (p<0.05). We observed a statistically significant reduction in "emotional exhaustion" and an increase in "personal accomplishment" among the clinical nurses (P<0.001). Conclusion: the patient safety leadership program had a positive impact on the head nurses' self-efficacy and leadership behavior and the clinical nurses' self-efficacy, safety behavior and job burnout.

Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de un programa de liderazgo en seguridad del paciente sobre las enfermeras supervisoras y enfermeras clínicas de la misma unidad de enfermería. Método: un estudio cuasi-experimental pre-post incluyó a 60 enfermeras supervisoras y 240 enfermeras clínicas. Solo las enfermeras supervisoras recibieron formación en el programa de liderazgo en seguridad del paciente durante 12 meses. Antes y después del programa de formación, las enfermeras supervisoras completaron la Escala de Autoeficacia General mientras que las enfermeras clínicas completaron la Escala de Autoeficacia General, la Escala de Evaluación del Comportamiento de Liderazgo Hospitalario, la Escala de Comportamiento de Seguridad y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos e inferenciales de los datos utilizando frecuencias absolutas y relativas, medias y desviaciones estándares, así como la prueba t pareada para evaluar el efecto del programa de formación. Resultados: la autoeficacia de las enfermeras supervisoras y enfermeras clínicas aumentó significativamente (p<0,01) después del programa de formación. El comportamiento de liderazgo de las enfermeras supervisoras y el comportamiento de seguridad de las enfermeras clínicas también mejoraron significativamente (p<0,05). Observamos una reducción estadísticamente significativa del "agotamiento emocional" y un aumento de la "realización personal" en las enfermeras clínicas (P<0,001). Conclusión: el programa de liderazgo en seguridad del paciente tuvo un impacto positivo en la autoeficacia y el comportamiento de liderazgo de las enfermeras supervisoras, y en la autoeficacia, el comportamiento de seguridad y el desgaste laboral de las enfermeras clínicas.

Objetivo: avaliar o impacto de um programa de liderança em segurança do paciente sobre os enfermeiros-chefe e enfermeiros clínicos da mesma unidade de enfermagem. Método: foi conduzido um estudo quasi-experimental, pré-pós teste, que incluiu 60 enfermeiros-chefe e 240 enfermeiros clínicos. Apenas os enfermeiros-chefe receberam o treinamento do programa de liderança em segurança do paciente por 12 meses. Antes e após o treinamento, a Escala Geral de Autoeficácia foi completada pelos enfermeiros-chefe, e a Escala Geral de Autoeficácia, a Escala de Avaliação do Comportamento de Liderança Hospitalar, a Escala de Comportamento de Segurança e o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach foram completadas pelos enfermeiros clínicos. As análises descritivas e inferenciais dos dados foram conduzidas utilizando-se frequências absolutas e relativas, média e desvio padrão, assim como a aplicação do teste t pareado para avaliar o efeito do treinamento. Resultados: a autoeficácia dos enfermeiros-chefe e a dos enfermeiros clínicos aumentou significativamente (p<0,01) após o treinamento. O comportamento de liderança dos enfermeiros-chefe e o comportamento de segurança dos enfermeiros clínicos também melhorou significativamente (p<0,05). Observou-se uma redução estatisticamente significativa da "exaustão emocional" e aumento da "realização pessoal" nos enfermeiros clínicos (P<0,001). Conclusão: o programa de liderança em segurança do paciente teve um impacto positivo na autoeficácia e comportamento de liderança dos enfermeiros-chefe e na autoeficácia, comportamento de segurança e esgotamento no trabalho dos enfermeiros clínicos.

Estrés, Agotamiento Profesional y Psicopatología en médicos de planta y con cargos jerárquicos de un Hospital Universitario de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires / STRESS, PROFESSIONAL EXHAUSTION, AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN GENERAL PRACTITIONERS AND WITH HIERARCHICAL POSITIONS OF A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF THE CITY OF BUENOS AIRES

Si bien el estrés en el trabajo puede afectar a muchas ocupaciones, los profesionales de la salud tienen una mayor predisposición a desarrollarlo. Asimismo, el estrés a largo plazo puede llevar a padecer el Síndrome de Agotameinto Profesional (Burnout). Alguien que padezca alguna de estas entidades puede presentar signos de psicopatología. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de estrés laboral, síndrome de agotamiento profesional generalizado y psicopatología en médicos de planta y con cargos jerárquicos en un Hospital Universitario. La prevalencia de estrés en la muestra analizada fue del 85,95%; la prevalencia del Síndrome de Agotamiento Profesional fue del 72,9% y la psicopatología del 10%. Todos los encuestados con resultados positivos del cuestionario GHQ-12 obtuvieron puntuaciones positivas para el estrés y el síndrome de agotamiento. Por lo tanto, esta situación necesita acciones y soluciones inmediata

Although stress at work can affect many occupations, health professionals have a greater predisposition to develop it. Likewise, long-term stress may lead to suffering from Professional Burnout Syndrome. Someone who suffers from any of these entities may have signs of psychopathology. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of work-related stress, burnout syndrome and psychopathology in staff medical doctors and with hierarchical positions in a University Hospital. The prevalence of stress in the analyzed sample was 85.95%; the prevalence of the Professional Burnout Syndrome was 72.9%, and psychopathology was 10%. All respondents with positive results from the GHQ-12 questionnaire had positive scores for stress and burnout syndrome. Therefore, this situation needs immediate action and solutions

Síndrome de burnout durante a residência médica / Burnout syndrome during medical residency

No presente artigo, a Comissão Nacional Especializada em Residência Médica da Febrasgo traz à tona elementos essenciais para conhecer, reconhecer e prevenir a síndrome de burnout em médicos-residentes de ginecologia-obstetrícia. (AU)

Factores de riesgo y prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout) en médicos especialistas, Guadalajara, México. 2019 / Risk factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome in medical specialists. Guadalajara, México. 2019

Objetivo: Determinar prevalencia y factores asociados al riesgo del síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout) en médicos especialistas. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, participaron 182 médicos especialistas. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales con SPSS 15.0 y Epi-infoV6.1. Resultados: Respuesta del 81,3%. Se detectó burnout en 49,5%. Diferencias significativas: edad menor de 40 años; Menos de 15 años con pareja estable; Que trabajara la pareja; Antigüedad profesional menor a 10 años. Se mostró una correlación negativa entre agotamiento emocional y despersonalización; positiva con la falta de realización personal en el trabajo en presencia del síndrome. Conclusión: el burnout es frecuente (49,5%), perfil de riesgo: ser mujer; <40 años de edad; sin pareja estable y <15 años con ella; que trabaja la pareja; sin hijos; especialidad quirúrgica; <10 años de antigüedad profesional y en el puesto actual de trabajo; laborar en jornada acumulada; con tipo de contratación definitiva, no tener otro trabajo; jornada mayor a 4 horas. Las subescalas en promedio están cerca de la normalidad. Agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, se comportan como el síndrome. Correlación negativa entre agotamiento emocional y despersonalización y positiva con la falta de realización personal con burnout(AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with burnout syndrome in medical specialists. Material and methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted among 182 participating medical specialists. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS 15.0 and EpiinfoV6.1. Results: We obtained a 81.3% response. Burnout was detected in 49.5% of respondents. Significant findings: respondents under 40 years of age; less than 15 years with a stable partner; had a working spouse; length of professional employment less than 10 years. We found a negative correlation between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization was evident, on the other hand, a positive correlation was evident between the lack of personal fulfillment at work and the presence of burnout. Conclusion: Burnout is frequent (49.5%).Risk factors include being a woman; being less than40 years old; having no stable partner and being together for less than15 years; that the couple works; childless; surgical specialty; less than 10 years of professional seniority and in the current job position; has a cumulative work day; having permanent recruitment, not having another job; and a work day greater than 4 hours. The subscales on average were close to normal. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization mimic burnout. A negative correlation was evident between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. A positive correlation was evident between the lack of personal fulfillment and burnout(AU)

Burnout y resiliencia en residentes de cardiología y cardiólogos realizando subespecialidades / Burnout syndrome in cardiology fellows and residents. The role of resilience

El síndrome de burnout es un estado de desgaste mental y físico muy prevalente en el ambiente médico. Está asociado a serios detrimentos físicos y emocionales de los profesionales de la salud, y se produce generalmente en un clima de trabajo adverso. Varios trabajos han demostrado que la resiliencia, definida como la capacidad de reponerse frente a las adversidades, puede ser un factor protector del síndrome de burnout. En este estudio se evaluaron los niveles de resiliencia por medio de un cuestionario validado en residentes de cardiología y cardiólogos realizando subespecialidades, y se relacionaron con los criterios de burnout. Se comprobó que un tercio de los encuestados presentaban niveles bajos de resiliencia y criterios positivos de burnout, y se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre ambas variables. Por su parte, la resiliencia se asoció negativamente con el cansancio y positivamente con la percepción de la realización personal. Es importante incorporar técnicas de detección de niveles bajos de resiliencia en residentes para intentar modificarlos y disminuir así el riesgo de burnout.

Burnout syndrome is a very prevalent condition of physical and mental wear in the medical profession. It is associated with serious physical and emotional consequences in health professionals, and is generally produced by an adverse working environment. Several research papers have proven that resilience, defined as the capacity to overcome adversity, can be a protective factor against burnout. In this study, levels of resilience were evaluated through a validated questionnaire in cardiology fellows and residents, and a relationship with burnout syndrome was established. One third of participants showed low resilience levels and a similar amount had positive criteria for burnout syndrome. A statistically significant association was found between these two conditions. Resilience was also negatively associated with tiredness, and positively with the perception of personal realization. Therefore, it is important to incorporate procedures for detecting low resilience levels in residents in order to attempt to improve them and thus diminish the risk of experiencing burnout.

Lineamientos para el cuidado de la salud mental: dirigido a proveedores de salud. Pandemia COVID-19 / Mental Health Care Guidelines: For Health Providers. COVID-19 pandemic

El documento refleja la preocupación del MSPAS respecto a las necesidades psicológicas ante la gravedad de la pandemia, del personal de salud de todo el país. Da cuenta de que en algunos casos trabajan con los mínimos recursos personales para poder afrontar los retos del trabajo, así como otras circunstancias que les pueden generar estrés, soledad, inseguridad, etc. Por ello emite una serie de recomendaciones para apoyarlos. El documento en sí refleja los estados anímicos de los trabajadores de salud, especialmente en el personal de primera línea de atención a pacientes comprometidos con coronavirus. El objetivo es: fortalecer a proveedores de salud de recursos internos y estrategias de afrontamiento, para la mitigación de trastornos mentales en los proveedores de salud que atienden la pandemia de COVID ­ 19.

Herramientas de autocuidado para el profesional psicosocial como factor protector de su salud mental y bienestar / Self-care tolos for the psychosocial profesional as a protective factor of his mental health and wellbeing

El texto esboza de una manera reflexiva el lugar de los factores protectores que son vitales para el trabajo de los profesionales en el contexto psicosocial; surgen, entonces, algunas de las herramientas encausadas al apoyo sistemático que desde el bienestar individual será vital pensarlo y actuarlo en pro de una mejor calidad de vida en lo profesional y personal. Dentro de los hallazgos se viabiliza la importancia del autocuidado, cuidado de sí y lo paradojal del estar bien para que otros estén bien, y el encuentro terapéutico como alternativa para privilegiar la palabra, el discurso, el apoyo a otros que apoyan y la formación institucional y gremial que se traduce en apuestas políticas y gremiales hacia el cuidar a quien se dispone profesionalmente a cuidar a otros. ¡Vaya tarea la que se propone!

The text outlines a reflection concerning the place of protective factors that are vital for the work of professionals in the psychosocial context; Then some of the tools for systematic support emerge that, from the individual well-being, will be vital to think about and act on it in favor of a better professional and personal quality of life. Among the findings are the importance of self-care, self-care and the paradox of being well so that others are well, the therapeutic encounter as an alternative to privilege the word and the speech, the support to others who support and the institutional and union training; which translates into political and union bets towards caring for those who are professionally willing to take care of others. What a challenging task!

Autocuidado en el psicólogo / The psychologist's self-care

The therapeutic practice focuses mainly on the literacy instruction of the patientconsultant-client in the management of their interpersonal relationships, as well as in the different problems that are the reason for consultation. This partially relegates the therapist who, also, places his own being at risk in the context of the consultation, in the link between the consultant and the therapist. With this in mind, the objective of this article has to do with the development of self-care skills in the psychologist: a protective factor of mental health in professional practice. Method: the documentary review was carried out from a qualitative orientation which is based on a rigorous description of the facts or situations, at the same time, a hermeneutical methodology was used; Through the state of the art, an attempt was made to understand the existing literature on the current research proposal. Conclusions: self-care as a protective factor of mental health in professional practice is aimed at promoting prevention actions based on self-reflexivity and resilience skills in the face of self-care in search of well-being and mental health.

Prevención de estrés y Burn-Out en el equipo de salud / Stress prevention and Burn-Out in health team

El objetivo de este trabajo es difundir la Ley Nº 2578 de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) del 06/12/07, promulgada por decreto N° 09/008 del 07/01/08, publicada en BOCBA N° 2.850 del 15/01/08, relativa a la creación del "Programa de Prevención, Detección Precoz y Rehabilitación del Estrés Laboral Crónico de los Trabajadores de la Salud". También hacer algunas consideraciones sobre esta enfermedad y destacar al síndrome de Burn-Out como resultado de un estrés laboral crónico que se desarrolla en los ambientes laborales del equipo de la salud

The purpose of this work is to spread Law C.A.B.A. N° 2.578 regarding the creation of the Program for the Prevention, Early Detection and Rehabilitation of Chronic Labor Stress of Health Care Workers of Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Also make some considerations about this disease and highlight Burn Out syndrome as result of chronic work stress that develops in the work environment of the health team.

Burnout en la formación de profesionales de la salud en Chile: factores de protección y riesgo, y propuestas de abordaje desde la perspectiva de los educadores / Burnout in students of health-care professions: risk and protection factors

Background: The burnout syndrome affects more than half of students and professionals involved in healthcare worldwide and is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a low perception of self-efficacy. Several studies indicate that when students are burnt-out, clinical work, professionalism and ethical behavior, as well as empathy, are negatively affected, while the risk of academic attrition, depression and suicidal ideation tend to increase. At a national level, recent information shows that one out of every two medical students suffer burnout at the beginning of the clinical cycle, a situation that does not improve after finishing undergraduate medical training. There is no consensus on which are the most appropriate strategies to face the problem of burnout in students and health-care professionals. Some studies indicate that the experience of medical and health educators may be key to the design of effective strategies to address this problem. Aim: To identify the burnout risk and protection factors of students at different medical schools. Material and Methods: In this study -in which 34 expert health educators from eight Chilean medical schools and other health-related schools participated- we used a qualitative methodology based on the appreciative inquiry to explore the key elements associated with the occurrence of burnout, identify protective and risk factors, as well as discuss possible effective interventions to prevent it. Results: There are personal, academic and contextual elements that act as protective or risk factors of burnout. In addition, the educators identified key elements to design organizational and curricular interventions to face the problem of burnout at a local level. Conclusions: Burnout is a serious problem in the formation of health care professionals. Teacher training aimed at promoting student'well-being must include the teaching of communication skills that consider both the generation gap and the profile of the professional medical schools intend to form.

Estresse ocupacional: exposição da equipe de enfermagem de uma unidade de emergência / Occupational stress: the exposure of an emergency unit nursing team / El estrés laboral: exposición de equipo de enfermería una unidad de emergencia

Objetivo: Descrever os fatores estressores para a equipe de enfermagem do setor de emergência de um hospital público. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, cujos sujeitos foram enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem, utilizou a entrevista semiestruturada e a análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da UESB-BA. Resultados: Os profissionais da equipe de enfermagem da Emergência estão expostos a fatores de riscos psicológicos, inclusive ao estresse ocupacional, devido à sobrecarga de trabalho, à demanda maior do que as condições assistenciais da equipe e ao número insuficiente de profissionais da enfermagem no setor. Conclusão: Percebe-se a necessidade de uma ampla discussão sobre as condições de trabalho destes profissionais e de implementação de ações que visem à melhoria do ambiente, de modo a garantir o direito à sua saúde no trabalho

Objective: The study's purpose has been to describe the stress factors that impact an emergency unit nursing team from a public hospital. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory research with a qualitative approach. The research had nurses and nurse technicians as participants, and used the semi-structured interview approach and the Bardin's thematic content analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee from the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia. Results: The professionals from the emergency nursing team are exposed to psychological risk factors, including occupational stress, due to the work overload, the demand being greater than the team's care conditions and the insufficient number of nursing professionals in the sector. Conclusion: There is a need for a wide discussion about the working conditions of these professionals and the implementation of actions aimed at improving the environment in order to guarantee their health rights at work

Objetivo: Describir los factores de estrés para el personal de enfermería de la sala de urgencias de un hospital público. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, cuyos temas eran enfermeras y técnicos de enfermería, que se utiliza entrevistas semiestructuradas y el análisis de contenido temático de Bardin. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación de UESB-BA. Resultados: Los profesionales del equipo de enfermería de emergencia están expuestos a factores de riesgo psicológicos, como estrés laboral debido a la sobrecarga de trabajo, mayor demanda que las condiciones de bienestar del personal y el número insuficiente de profesionales de enfermería en el sector. Conclusión: Podemos ver la necesidad de un amplio debate sobre las condiciones de trabajo de estos profesionales y la implementación de acciones destinadas a mejorar el medio ambiente con el fin de garantizar el derecho a la salud

¿Cuál es la relación entre el síndrome de burnout, el sentido de la vida y el proyecto de vida laboral en los médicos residentes?: una perspectiva logoterapéutica / What is the relationship between burnout syndrome, the meaning of life and the project of working life in resident physicians ?: a logotherapeutic perspective

Introducción: el síndrome de burnout (BO) suele afectar a médicos residentes, debido al estrés laboral crónico. Desde un marco logoterapéutico, la pérdida de un sentido de la vida (SV) es el denominador más común de todas las formas de perturbación emocional, y el BO podría enmarcarse dentro de un proyecto de vida laboral (PVL) con enrolamiento enajenante. El objetivo principal del trabajo es evaluar la relación entre el BO, el SV y el PVL, en los programas de residencia del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Población y métodos: se evaluaron residentes de 6 programas de residencia del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, a través de un cuestionario. El BO se midió con el "Maslach Burnout Inventory" (MBI). El SV se midió con el "Purpose in Life Test" (PIL Test). El PVL se midió con la Escala de PVL de la Dra. Isabel Pérez Jáuregui. Resultados: participaron 104 residentes. El 28,8% de los evaluados mostraron BO, el 18,3% falta de SV y el 30,8% un PVL inauténtico con sobreadaptación. Tanto la falta de SV como el PVL inauténtico con sobreadaptación se asociaron en forma estadísticamente significativa con BO (p < 0,01), y la presencia de cualquiera de estas alteraciones aumentó en casi 18 veces (odds ratio [OR] crudo) la probabilidad de presentar el síndrome. Los OR ajustados de falta de SV (6,28) y PVL inauténtico (9,57) para la presencia de BO continuaron siendo estadísticamente significativos. Por último, en esta investigación pudimos determinar que las subescalas del MBI agotamiento y despersonalización se correlacionaron negativamente con el PIL Test (r=-0,41 y r=-0,53, respectivamente) y la Escala de PVL (r=-0,45 y r=-0,42, respectivamente), mientras que la subescala de realización se correlacionó positivamente en forma significativa con estas dos últimas (r=0,63 y r=0,61, respectivamente). Conclusiones: se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre BO, falta de SV y PVL inauténtico, en la residencia. (AU)

Introduction: The Burnout Syndrome (BO) usually affects medical residents because they are exposed to chronic labour stress. From a logotherapeutic view, the loss of meaning and purpose in life (ML) is the common denominator of all types of emotional distress, and the BO could belong to an altered labour life project (LLP) with overadaptation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the BO, the ML, and the LLP, in residency programs at a university hospital. Population and methods: residents from six programs at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires were evaluated. The BO was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The ML was measured with the Purpose in Life Test (Pil Test). The LLP was measured with the LLP Scale created by Doctor Isabel Pérez Jáuregui. Results: one hundred and four residents participated. Out of the evaluated residentes, 28.8% showed BO. The loss of ML was observed in 18.3%, and an altered LLP with overadaptation affected the 30.8% of the sample. Loss of ML and altered LLP with overadaptation were associated in a statistically significant way with BO (p<0.01), and the presence of any of this alterations increased the odds ratio almost 18 times to suffer BO. The adjusted odds ratio of loss of ML (6.28) and altered LLP (9.57) to suffer BO, were also statistically significant. Finally, a negative correlation was observed between exhaustion and despersonalization (MBI) and the Pil Test (r=-0.41 and r=-0.53, respectively) and the LLP Scale (r=-0.45 and r=-0.42, respectively), while a positive significant correlation was observed between the personal accomplishment (MBI) and the Pil Test and LLP Scale (r=0.63 and r=0.61, respectively). Conclusions: in the residency, we found a statistically significant relationship between BO, loss of ML and altered LLP. (AU)

Crisis del modelo medico actual / Crisis of the current medical model

La medicina es una de las profesiones que más cambios ha experimentado en las últimas décadas. El presente artículo describe esos cambios y señala como han modificado la práctica de la profesión y la relación médicopaciente. Al mismo tiempo describe la relación que posiblemente ellos tienen con la aparición transversal en las diferentes especialidades médicas del término de "burn out" o agotamiento que ha generado muchos artículos en los últimos años. Se sugieren posibles soluciones en la educación médica para evitar estos efectos en los nuevos profesionales.

Medicine is one of the professions that have undergone the most changes in recent decades. The article describes these changes and points out how they have modified the practice of the profession and the doctor-patient relationship. At the same time it describes the relationship that they possibly have with the transverse appearance in the different medical specialties of the term of "burn out" or exhaustion that has generated many articles in the last years. Possible solutions are suggested in medical education to avoid these effects in the new professionals

Preocupación por el bienestar de residentes, un tema presente en la Conferencia Latinoamericana en Educación de Residentes (LACRE) 2017 / Concern for residents' wellbeing, an issue discussed at the latin american conference on resident education (LACRE) 2017

At the end of May 2017, the third version of the Latin American Conference on Resident Education, LACRE, was held in Chile; it convened 433 people from 14 regional countries. Chronic stress and emotional exhaustion of residents was one of the topics discussed. Reports from different countries documented that about half of residents suffer from burnout. This is, they are emotionally drained, indifferent towards their patients and with a sense of low personal fulfillment at work. This article describes the contributions presented in LACRE about interventions or institutional programs designed to reduce burnout and promote self-care of residents. The relevance of these initiatives is discussed in the current global context, considering the available evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to promote well-being among residents. International experts are making renewed and eloquent calls to medical educators and organizations to get involved in the solution of the erosion of resident wellbeing during the residence.